Latest News
    Iberian Journal of Social Science ( Scientific )
  • OpenAccess
  • About the journal


    Recent Articles

    • Open Access Article

      1 - The effect of Pilates exercises with and without antioxidants on pain, disability and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain
      Ali  Moradi Dawood Darvish  Bechari Behnam  Hajili Davaji Mohammad  Barati Parveen  Ashna Sima Saffari Saffari
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training with and without consumption of antioxidants on pain, weakness and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain. The statistical sample of the More
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training with and without consumption of antioxidants on pain, weakness and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain. The statistical sample of the research included 30 women suffering from non-specific chronic back pain purposefully selected and randomly assigned to three groups: Pilates without antioxidant, Pilates with antioxidant and control (10 people in each group). The intervention groups participated in a course of 8-week program, while the control group received no intervention and had their normal routine activities. The Pilates training protocol included six components: warming up, strengthening the abdominal muscles, control and excitability of the spine, lateral stabilization, shoulder stabilization and back strengthening, as well as hip stabilization and thigh endurance. Antioxidant consumption was in the form of daily consumption of one multi-daily capsule with a dose of 1000 micrograms. Before and after the intervention, the level of pain (Quebec Standard Pain Questionnaire), disability (Oswestry Disability Questionnaire) and endurance of flexor muscles (sit-up test) and trunk extensor (Sorenson test) were measured. Compared to the control group, both intervention groups caused a significant decrease in pain and disability and a significant increase in the endurance of trunk flexor and extensor muscles (P=0.001). These changes were significantly higher in the Pilates practice group with multi-daily consumption (P>0.05). Probably, Pilates improves pain and functional disability in teachers with non-specific chronic back pain by increasing trunk muscle endurance. For greater effect, it is better to use an antioxidant supplement (multi-daily) along with exercise. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      2 - The effect of Pilates training on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers
      Ali  Moradi Parveen  Ashna Mohammad Barati  Barati Dawood Darvish  Bechari Sima  Saffari Behnam Hajili  Davaji
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Pilates training course on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers. Therefore, 20 overweight teachers (body mass index 25 and above 25) with an age range of 30 to 40 years were purposefully selected More
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Pilates training course on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers. Therefore, 20 overweight teachers (body mass index 25 and above 25) with an age range of 30 to 40 years were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two Pilates training and control groups (10 people in each group). The Pilates training group participated in 8 weeks of Pilates training (three sessions per week). The control group did not participate in any regular physical activity program during this period. Relevant measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Weight, body mass index, and serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were measured in two groups. The statistical method of mixed analysis of variance was used to compare and examine the changes of variables between two groups at the level of P≤0.05. Weight, body mass index, cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL in the Pilates group were significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05), but HDL in the Pilates group did not change significantly compared to the control group (P>0.05). It seems that Pilates exercise can reduce the risk factors of heart diseases in overweight teachers. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      3 - Investigating the factors affecting the brand equity of sports tourism destination brand (Case study of Bandar Abbas city in Iran)
      Mohammad  Varnaseri
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      bandar Abbas city is a suitable platform for sports tourism, especially in the cold seasons of the year, as well as water sports due to its geographical location and natural features; but so far it has not been successful in this regard. Having a successful sports t More
      bandar Abbas city is a suitable platform for sports tourism, especially in the cold seasons of the year, as well as water sports due to its geographical location and natural features; but so far it has not been successful in this regard. Having a successful sports tourism brand can be very effective in increasing the competitive advantage of the destination, attracting sports tourists and thus increasing revenues from the sports tourism industry, economic prosperity and preventing migration of residents. By examining the brand equity, the nature of the destination can be identified and a general framework can be provided to the managers and marketing professionals of that destination that can measure the effectiveness of the brand of that destination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the special value of the brand of sports tourism destination in Bandar Abbas city. The statistical population of the study included all sports tourists (sports and sports science events) from October to March 2019 in Bandar Abbas city. The sample size was 108 people who were selected by convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the data obtained through structural equations and partial least squares method were analyzed using SPSS and smart pls software. Findings from the study show that brand awareness, brand image and perceived quality have a positive and significant effect on brand equity and brand image, perceived value and brand equity have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Brand awareness has the greatest impact on brand equity and brand equity has the greatest impact on brand loyalty but perceived quality has not had a significant effect on brand loyalty. Manuscript profile
    Most Viewed Articles

    • Open Access Article

      1 - Investigating the factors affecting the brand equity of sports tourism destination brand (Case study of Bandar Abbas city in Iran)
      Mohammad  Varnaseri
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      bandar Abbas city is a suitable platform for sports tourism, especially in the cold seasons of the year, as well as water sports due to its geographical location and natural features; but so far it has not been successful in this regard. Having a successful sports t More
      bandar Abbas city is a suitable platform for sports tourism, especially in the cold seasons of the year, as well as water sports due to its geographical location and natural features; but so far it has not been successful in this regard. Having a successful sports tourism brand can be very effective in increasing the competitive advantage of the destination, attracting sports tourists and thus increasing revenues from the sports tourism industry, economic prosperity and preventing migration of residents. By examining the brand equity, the nature of the destination can be identified and a general framework can be provided to the managers and marketing professionals of that destination that can measure the effectiveness of the brand of that destination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the special value of the brand of sports tourism destination in Bandar Abbas city. The statistical population of the study included all sports tourists (sports and sports science events) from October to March 2019 in Bandar Abbas city. The sample size was 108 people who were selected by convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the data obtained through structural equations and partial least squares method were analyzed using SPSS and smart pls software. Findings from the study show that brand awareness, brand image and perceived quality have a positive and significant effect on brand equity and brand image, perceived value and brand equity have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Brand awareness has the greatest impact on brand equity and brand equity has the greatest impact on brand loyalty but perceived quality has not had a significant effect on brand loyalty. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      2 - The effect of Pilates training on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers
      Ali  Moradi Parveen  Ashna Mohammad Barati  Barati Dawood Darvish  Bechari Sima  Saffari Behnam Hajili  Davaji
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Pilates training course on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers. Therefore, 20 overweight teachers (body mass index 25 and above 25) with an age range of 30 to 40 years were purposefully selected More
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Pilates training course on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight teachers. Therefore, 20 overweight teachers (body mass index 25 and above 25) with an age range of 30 to 40 years were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two Pilates training and control groups (10 people in each group). The Pilates training group participated in 8 weeks of Pilates training (three sessions per week). The control group did not participate in any regular physical activity program during this period. Relevant measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Weight, body mass index, and serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were measured in two groups. The statistical method of mixed analysis of variance was used to compare and examine the changes of variables between two groups at the level of P≤0.05. Weight, body mass index, cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL in the Pilates group were significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05), but HDL in the Pilates group did not change significantly compared to the control group (P>0.05). It seems that Pilates exercise can reduce the risk factors of heart diseases in overweight teachers. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      3 - The effect of Pilates exercises with and without antioxidants on pain, disability and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain
      Ali  Moradi Dawood Darvish  Bechari Behnam  Hajili Davaji Mohammad  Barati Parveen  Ashna Sima Saffari Saffari
      Issue 2 , Vol. 2 , Winter 2022
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training with and without consumption of antioxidants on pain, weakness and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain. The statistical sample of the More
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training with and without consumption of antioxidants on pain, weakness and endurance of flexor and extensor muscles in female teachers with non-specific chronic back pain. The statistical sample of the research included 30 women suffering from non-specific chronic back pain purposefully selected and randomly assigned to three groups: Pilates without antioxidant, Pilates with antioxidant and control (10 people in each group). The intervention groups participated in a course of 8-week program, while the control group received no intervention and had their normal routine activities. The Pilates training protocol included six components: warming up, strengthening the abdominal muscles, control and excitability of the spine, lateral stabilization, shoulder stabilization and back strengthening, as well as hip stabilization and thigh endurance. Antioxidant consumption was in the form of daily consumption of one multi-daily capsule with a dose of 1000 micrograms. Before and after the intervention, the level of pain (Quebec Standard Pain Questionnaire), disability (Oswestry Disability Questionnaire) and endurance of flexor muscles (sit-up test) and trunk extensor (Sorenson test) were measured. Compared to the control group, both intervention groups caused a significant decrease in pain and disability and a significant increase in the endurance of trunk flexor and extensor muscles (P=0.001). These changes were significantly higher in the Pilates practice group with multi-daily consumption (P>0.05). Probably, Pilates improves pain and functional disability in teachers with non-specific chronic back pain by increasing trunk muscle endurance. For greater effect, it is better to use an antioxidant supplement (multi-daily) along with exercise. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      4 - The Effect of Impulsivity Level on Performance Indicators of Beginner Volleyball Players
      Marjan Hamoun  Navard
      Issue 1 , Vol. 2 , Autumn 2022
      Impulsivity affects cognitive and behavioral aspects. Because in volleyball, the player must decide at the moment and implement its skill, and most of the outcome (outcome) of his performance is functional of his correct decision, his impulsive level can be importan More
      Impulsivity affects cognitive and behavioral aspects. Because in volleyball, the player must decide at the moment and implement its skill, and most of the outcome (outcome) of his performance is functional of his correct decision, his impulsive level can be important. The main purpose of this research was to compare the performance indicators of beginner volleyball players with different impulsivity levels based on Bart (2004). The statistical population of this study was volleyball player girls at Karaj clubs. Among these people were selected by about 300 people. The data gathering tool was Bart's impulsivity questionnaire (2004), Duda and Nicholls Sport Questionnaire (1992) and coach checklist, which measures the indicators of error number and risk of riskaceability. In order to test the hypotheses one- way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and at a significant level of 0.05 were used with SPSS software. According to the results of this study, there is a significant difference between the high, low and moderate levels in the risk level of players, the number of errors and the sports success of volleyball players. But there was no significant difference between high, low and moderate levels for technical performance of players (1 to 10 questions of instructor checklist including fitness, receiving, pass, defense, reaction time, game intelligence, etc.). In the sports variable, players with high impulsivity players had a significant difference with players with low and moderate impulsivity levels, but there was no significant difference between moderate and low levels in sport success. In variables of risk and number of errors, low impulsivity players had a significant difference with players with high and moderate impulsivity levels, but there was no significant difference between high and moderate levels in riskaceability and error number. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      5 - Optimization of Alkaline Protease Enzyme Using Statistical Methods
      Marzieh  Keyhanian
      Issue 1 , Vol. 2 , Autumn 2022
      the extensive usage of proteases in industries such as pharmacy, nutritious, weaving, paper production, curriery, detergent and silver recycling in crystallography (X-ray) has caused a serious attention to the production of protease enzymes. Bacillus species are bee More
      the extensive usage of proteases in industries such as pharmacy, nutritious, weaving, paper production, curriery, detergent and silver recycling in crystallography (X-ray) has caused a serious attention to the production of protease enzymes. Bacillus species are been used as suitable microscopic organisms for the production of enzymes [1-2]. The design of experiments is a strong tool for improving the quality of products and eliminating the causes of quality losses, especially in the pre-production stages or in the provision of services. Today, there are new methods for performing the design of experiments. These methods have been enhanced by foresighting suitable models in comparing data collection, known as modern test design techniques [3]. The purpose of this review essay is to optimize the production protease enzyme by using the Taguchi statistical method and the effects of different sources of Carbon, Nitrogen, mineral elements, and creating different conditions such a pH, temperature, the duration of incubation and aeration in the production of protease [4]. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      6 - The Effect of Water Exercise on Pain and Disability in Patients with Non-Specific Chronic Back Pain and Its Relationship with Changes in Inflammatory Factors
      Mohammad-Ali Kohanpour Saeideh Najd Monireh khademi Sirous  Farsi
      Issue 1 , Vol. 2 , Autumn 2022
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise in water on pain and the disability of patients with non-specific chronic back pain and its relationship with changes in inflammatory factors. The statistical sample of the research included 20 women su More
      the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise in water on pain and the disability of patients with non-specific chronic back pain and its relationship with changes in inflammatory factors. The statistical sample of the research included 20 women suffering from non-specific chronic back pain purposefully selected and randomly assigned to three groups: exercise in water and control (10 people in each group). The exercise group participated in a course of 8-week program, while the control group received no intervention and had their normal routine activities. 48 hours before and 48 hours after the intervention, pain and disability and serum levels of CRP and TNF-α were measured. In order to examine and compare the changes of the variables, mixed analysis of variance was used. The results showed that pain and disability as well as serum levels of CRP and TNF-α in the training group were significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, the results indicated that there was a positive significant relationship between all the variables (P<0.05). It seems that eight weeks of training in water leads to improvement of pain and disability in patients with non-specific chronic back pain. In the meantime, the reduction of inflammation caused by these exercises probably plays a role. However, we need more studies in this field. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      7 - Acute and Continuous Effects of Caffeine Consumption with Anaerobic Training on Anaerobic Performance, Body Composition and Serum Lactate Levels in Active Men
      Hossein  Nikroo Kardokh  Esmaeili Zahra  Koohestani Sini Mohammad-Ali Kohanpour Mohammad Reza Dehkhoda Dehkhoda Saeed  Rahmaty Sara Naeimi
      Issue 4 , Vol. 1 , Summer 2021
      the purpose of this study was to compare acute and continuous effects of caffeine consumption with a four-week anaerobic training on anaerobic performance, serum lactate levels and body composition values in active men. The study design was a quasi- experimenta More
      the purpose of this study was to compare acute and continuous effects of caffeine consumption with a four-week anaerobic training on anaerobic performance, serum lactate levels and body composition values in active men. The study design was a quasi- experimental one. Experimental and control groups were compared in the phases of pre-test and two post- tests. Thirty-two active male students performed a 400m-run and blood samples were collected 2 minutes later. Next day, Wingate test was conducted to assess anaerobic power. Then, all subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: caffeine consumption (Experimental group) and placebo (Control group), performing a 4-week anaerobic exercise. Finally, blood samples have been collected like before; then, each group was divided into 2 subgroups (caffeine or placebo consumption for one day) and blood samples have been collected after a 400m-run again. Subjects also consumed either caffeine or placebo at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight. T-tests were used to analyze data, at a significance level of P<0.05. Four weeks Anaerobic training with and without caffeine consumption decreased the time of 400m-run and elevated serum lactate levels (p=0.001) (higher differences were observed in caffeine group), but had no significant effect on Wingate test results. Weight value only increased in Experimental group. Acute consumption of caffeine in placebo group also decreased the time of 400m-run and elevated lactate levels (p=0.001). Acute and continuous consumption of caffeine along with anaerobic exercise improved anaerobic performance; while increased serum lactate levels in active men. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      8 - The Importance of Pedestrian Ways in Universities Campuses Design
      Hesam M. Mosharraf  Hesam M. Mosharraf
      Issue 2 , Vol. 1 , Winter 2021
      Walking is the first way of displacement, which has been reduced considerably due to motorized transportation. The communications inside every university are of great importance on university campuses, especially in major universities that have various buildi More
      Walking is the first way of displacement, which has been reduced considerably due to motorized transportation. The communications inside every university are of great importance on university campuses, especially in major universities that have various buildings and departments with different applications (laboratory, library, restaurants, etc.). This subject is considered from various aspects. When the university area is not appropriate for pedestrians, the need for motorized transportation increases, which has some consequences as noise, visual, and air pollution. Moreover, the roads specialized for automobiles require and occupy much space. On the contrary, pedestrian- oriented developments have great effects on positive environmental and psychological parameters such as social interactions, scientific conversations, creating a lively environment. Apart from these factors, walking is crucial for health and the environment. All these factors cause that pedestrian-oriented developments included in designing educational spaces. The present paper studies the importance and a review of this subject's literature, then the benefits of pedestrian-oriented areas and walking are discussed, and the significance of this issue is considered in designing the universities. Finally, some environmental factors affecting increasing pedestrian- oriented developments are reviewed. The research methodology is library research. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      9 - Relationship between Knowledge Sharing and Innovation
      Muhammad Ehsan Mirzaei
      Issue 2 , Vol. 1 , Winter 2021
      Knowledge sharing is one of the main factors of the knowledge management. This paper aims to show how knowledge sharing can affect innovation. Extant research highlighted technological innovation and administrative innovation. Knowledge sharing can be measures b More
      Knowledge sharing is one of the main factors of the knowledge management. This paper aims to show how knowledge sharing can affect innovation. Extant research highlighted technological innovation and administrative innovation. Knowledge sharing can be measures by knowledge collecting and knowledge donating. The proposed framework of this study links both dimensions of knowledge sharing with two types of innovation Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      10 - The Effect of 8 Weeks of Gymnastic Exercises on Basic and Cognitive Skills in Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder
      Marziyeh Sadat  Mirghafariyan Zahra  Koohestani Sini
      Issue 4 , Vol. 1 , Summer 2021
      Physical activity is used as a method in the treatment of children with motor and cognitive disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of gymnastics training on basic and cognitive skills of children with attention deficit / hype More
      Physical activity is used as a method in the treatment of children with motor and cognitive disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of gymnastics training on basic and cognitive skills of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The present single subject study is a research design in the form of post-test and pre-test. Case of study was a 5-year-old girl living in Karaj who suffered from attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The Ulrich test was used to measure motor skills and the London Tower test was used to measure cognitive skills. Exercise interventions include 8 weeks of gymnastic training. After performing the training protocol, the subject participated in the post-test. The results of the exercise showed that gymnastic exercises have improved the level of performance of the child in basic and cognitive skills. Planning according to the needs of the child improves the performance of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile
    Upcoming Articles